FREEDOM OF INFORMATION
COMMISSION
OF THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT
In the Matter of a Complaint
by Final Decision
Elinor M. Halpern,
Complainant
against Docket
#FIC 95-112
Edward J. Maher,
Superintendent of Schools, Bristol Public Schools,
Respondent December 27, 1995
The above-captioned matter was heard as a contested
case on October 30, 1995, at which time the complainant and the respondent
appeared, stipulated to certain facts and presented testimony, exhibits and
argument on the complaint.
After consideration of the entire record, the
following facts are found and conclusions of law are reached:
1. The
respondent is a public agency within the meaning of 1-18a(a), G.S.
2. By letter
of complaint dated April 7, 1995 and filed on April 10, 1995, the complainant
appealed to the Commission alleging that the respondent violated the Freedom of
Information ("FOI") Act by denying her access to copies of
records. The complainant requested that
a civil penalty be imposed upon the respondent.
3. It is
found that by letter dated February 22, 1995 the complainant requested the
following from the respondent:
a.
a copy of the form which a teacher fills out when there is a possibility
that a student will be retained;
b.
the names of all of the complainant's students at Greene-Hills School;
c.
the first test results on the Iowa Tests of Educational Development for
the students in b) above;
d.
the average Iowa Test scores for their [the students in b), above,]
grade at the school they were attending as well as the average scores for that
grade at the other schools in Bristol;
Docket #FIC 95-112 page 2
e.
the scores of the students in b), above, on the first standardized test
that they took after leaving the complainant's class;
f.
the average test scores for the "aforementioned tests" for the
students [in b), above] grade at the school which they were attending as well
as the average scores for that grade at the other schools in Bristol;
g.
where the complainant's students were at the end of twelfth grade that
is, dropped out, tranferred, graduated, went to college or went to technical
school; and
h.
where their class mates were at the end of twelfth grade.
4. It is also
found that the complainant by letter dated March 10, 1995 requested the
following from the respondent:
a.
attorney Brian Clemow's hourly fee;
b.
attorney Brian Clemow's March 1995 bill;
c.
minutes of the board meeting which preceeded Dr. Rowe's letter to the
complainant dated March 8, 1974;
d.
minutes of the board meeting subsequent to the March 8, 1974 letter
referred to in c), above;
e.
mastery test results for World's of Wonder and Lands of Pleasure for the
first grade classes taught by the complainant at Greene-Hills School and the
test results for the other first grades at Greene-Hills School during the same
years;
f.
diagnostic test results for Modern School Mathematics Structure and Use
revised edition for the first grade classes taught by the complainant at
Greene-Hills School and the test results for the other first grade classes at
Greene-Hills School during the same years; and
Docket #FIC 95-112 page 3
g.
the Metropolitan Test results in math and reading for all of the
complainant's first grade classes and the test results for the other first
grade classes at Greene-Hills School during the same years.
5. It is
found that the requests as described in paragraphs 3 and 4, above form the
basis of this appeal, accordingly, this decision is limited to addressing only
those requests.
6. It is
found that the respondent received the February 22 and March 10, 1995 letters
of request on March 16, 1995.
7. It is
found that the respondent, by letter dated March 17, 1995, acknowledged receipt
of the February 22 and March 10, 1995 letters and informed the complainant that
a reply to these "will be forthcoming in due course." The March 17 letter also indicated that no
further copies of records will be provided until payment in full for those
already provided was received.
8. It is
found that three weeks later, by letter dated April 7, 1995, the complainant
wrote to the respondent indicating that his March 17, 1995 response was vague,
that she wanted to know when the information would be ready and that she needed
the information for an upcoming Bristol Board of Education meeting.
9. Having
failed to receive access to the requested records the complainant filed this
appeal with the Commission on April 10, 1995.
10. It is
found that the respondent by letter dated April 25, 1995 responded to the
February 22 and March 10, 1995 requests.
11. It is
found that the complainant was a teacher within the Bristol School system
during the late 1960's and early 1970's.
12. With
respect to the February 22, 1995 request it is found that: the respondent
searched its files and cannot locate the form requested and described in
paragraph 3a., above, nor can it locate class-lists or registers of the
students taught by the complainant, as requested and described in paragraph
3b., above; the respondent does not maintain a record which contains the test
results of all of students as requested and described in paragraph 3c., 3d.,
3e. and 3f., above; the respondent does not maintain a record which indicates
the status of all of the complainant's students as requested and described in
paragraph 3g., above; the respondent does not maintain a record which indicates
the status of the students as requested and described
Docket #FIC 95-112 Page 4
in paragraph 3h., above; the
respondent does not maintain a record which indicates the average scores as
requested and described in paragraph 3d. and 3f., above; the respondent does
not maintain by class, school or city-wide test results for the late 1960's to
the early 1970's; the respondent maintains alphabetically the permanent
cumulative record of each student on individual cards (hereinafter
"cards"), which cards contain test scores and other information
including name, address, teachers' names, and parents' names and addresses.
13. With
respect to the March 10, 1995 request it is found that the respondent provided
the complainant with copies of records responsive to her request as described
in paragraph 4c. and 4d., above; the respondent does not maintain a record
describing an hourly fee for attorney Clemow; as of April 25, 1995 the
respondent did not have a bill from attorney Clemow for services for the month
of March 1995, but subsequently received such a bill; the respondent does not
maintain a record containing the test result information requested as described
in paragraph 4e., 4f. and 4g., above; the respondent does not maintain by
class, school or city-wide test results for the late 1960's to the early
1970's; the respondent maintains alphabetically the cards described in
paragraph 12, above.
14. It is
found that the respondent maintains in separate locations, the cards described
in paragraphs 12 and 13, above, for elementary, middle and high school
students.
15. The
respondent has indicted three reasons for its objection to the disclosure of
the cards: a) the cards contain the names, addresses and test scores of
students which it claims are exempt from disclosure, b) redacting exempt
information from the cards would be onerous, and c) it is not required to
perform computations and calculations when providing access to records.
16. Section
1-18a(d), defines public records or files as:
any recorded data or information
relating to the conduct of the public's business prepared, owned, used,
received or retained by a public agency, whether such data or information be
handwritten, typed, tape-recorded, printed, photostated, photographed or
recorded by any other method.
17. Section
1-19(a), G.S., provides in relevant part:
Except as otherwise provided by any
federal law or state statute, all records maintained or kept on file by any
public agency, whether or not such records are
Docket #FIC 95-112 Page
5
required by any law or by any rule or
regulation, shall be public records and every person shall have the right to
inspect such records promptly during regular office or business hours or to
receive a copy of such records in accordance with the provisions of section
1-15. Any agency rule or regulation, or
part thereof, that conflicts with the provisions of this subsection or
diminishes or curtails in any way the rights granted by this subsection shall
be void.
18. It is
found that the cards described in paragraphs 12 and 13, above, are public
records within the meaning of 1-18a(d) and 1-19(a), G.S.
19. Section
1-19(b)(11), G.S., allows a public agency not to disclose, without consent, the
names and addresses of students enrolled in any public school.
20. It is
concluded that the respondent is not required to disclose the names and
addresses contained on the cards without consent, pursuant to 1-19(b)(11),
G.S.
21. Section
1-19(b)(6), G.S., allows a public agency not to disclose test questions,
scoring keys and other examination data used to administer academic
examination.
22. It is
concluded that test scores are not listed among the types of records exempt
from disclosure pursuant to 1-19(b)(6), G.S., and therefore the respondent
is required to disclose the test scores.
23. It is
found that in order to provide the requested test scores the respondent must
manually redact the names and addresses of students. The respondent anticipates that if it had a class-list, or the
complainant provides the names of her students, then the number of cards to be
retrieved and redacted would total approximately one hundred and fifty. Without a class-list or the names of the
complainant's students the respondent must redact all the cards which cover the
period of the late 1960's through the early 1970's.
24. It is
found that without a class-list the redaction of the cards for the period of
the late 1960's through the early 1970's will be time-consuming.
25. However,
it is concluded that the respondent has failed to prove that a federal law or
state statute precludes its disclosure of the non-exempt information contained
on the cards it maintains.
Docket #FIC 95-112 Page 6
26. With
respect to the complainant's request for "average" scores as
described in paragraph 3d. and 3f., above, it is concluded that the respondent
is not required to do computations or calculations.
27. Section
1-15(a), G.S, allows a municipal public agency to charge a fee for copies of
records not exceeding fifty cents per page.
28. Section
1-15(c), G.S., allows a public agency to require prepayment of fees estimated
to be ten dollars or more.
29. It is
concluded that the respondent did not act unreasonably when it declined to
continue to provide the complainant with copies of records requested until
payment of amounts outstanding for copies previously requested and provided was
made.
30. However,
it is concluded that the respondent violated 1-19(a), G.S., by failing to
provide the complainant with access to the non-exempt information contained on
the cards it maintains.
31. The
complainant's request for a civil penalty is denied.
The following order by the Commission is hereby
recommended on the basis of the record concerning the above-captioned
complaint:
1. In light
of the fact that a) the cards are maintained in several locations and span a
period of between twenty to twenty-five years, and b) the respondent cannot
locate class-lists, the respondent shall by no later than the last day of the
1995/96 academic school year provide the complainant with access to inspect and
or obtain a copy of the cards it maintains.
2. In
complying with paragraph 1 of the order, the respondent may redact the names
and addresses of students in accordance with 1-19(b)(11), G.S., the cost
of redaction to be borne by the respondent.
The respondent shall within two weeks of the receipt of the notice of
the final decision in this matter commence providing the complainant with
weekly access to no less than one hundred and fifty cards per week, and if at
all possible any amount in excess of one hundred and fifty cards per week,
until access to all of the cards containing information responsive to the
complainant's request has been provided, in any event, total access to be
completely provided on or before the last day of the 1995/96 academic school
year. The respondent may require
prepayment at the rate of fifteen cents per page for all copies of records
being provided with respect to this order if such fee is ten dollars or more. In the interest of co-operation, and the
timely provision of access the
Docket #FIC 95-112 Page 7
Commission strongly urges the
complainant if possible, to provide to the respondent the names of her students
which will greatly reduce the number of cards to be redacted and assist the
respondent in providing access much more efficiently and expeditiously. The respondent shall not charge for copies
of those records for which the complainant provides names.
3. The
respondent shall immediately upon the receipt of the notice of the final
decision in this matter provide the complainant with a copy of attorney
Clemow's March 1995 bill, if such bill has not already been provided.
4.
Henceforth, the respondent shall strictly comply with the disclosure
requirements of 1-19(a), G.S.
5. The
complaint is dismissed with respect to the allegations as described in
paragraphs 3a., 4a., 4c. and 4d., of the findings, above.
Approved by Order of the
Freedom of Information Commission at its regular meeting of December 27, 1995.
Elizabeth A. Leifert
Acting Clerk of the
Commission
Docket #FIC 95-112 Page
8
PURSUANT TO SECTION 4-180(c),
G.S. THE FOLLOWING ARE THE NAMES OF EACH PARTY AND THE MOST RECENT MAILING
ADDRESS, PROVIDED TO THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION COMMISSION, OF THE PARTIES OR
THEIR AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE.
THE PARTIES TO THIS CONTESTED
CASE ARE:
Elinor M. Halpern
77 Griswold Drive
West Hartford, CT 06119-1147
Edward J. Maher,
Superintendent of Schools Bristol Public Schools
c/o Brian Clemow, Esq.
Shipman & Goodwin
One American Row
Hartford, CT 06103-2819
Elizabeth A. Leifert
Acting Clerk of the Commission